Concept Studio

See the idea. Put it to the test.

956 activities from Kindergarten to Year 12, in 13 subject areas. A practical gives the idea, what you need, the steps, what you should see and a safety card. A teacher-led demonstration gives the idea and its hazards; its method is for tutors on the learning platform.

Review

Reviewed before publication (owner’s confirmation, 24 September 2026). That covers every activity here, and a practical’s page lists the sources its author read.

A safety card on every page

The risk, who supervises and the hazards. The 38 teacher-led demonstrations show their idea and hazards here; their materials, steps and sources, and any result, control or note that states a number or an amount, are for tutors and administrators on the learning platform.

School laboratory, not for home

207 activities are medium or high risk. Each says so on its page: In a school laboratory, with a teacher supervising, under the school's risk assessment. Not for home.

Curriculum references

Each activity lists the NSW syllabus outcomes and Australian Curriculum v9 codes it supports. They are references, not a verified or complete curriculum alignment.

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A practical is carried out at the bench, in the classroom or outdoors. A practical with its model not built stands on its own; the page says where a step mentions the model. A calculation and data activity works from published figures by hand, with a calculator or in a spreadsheet. No page includes an interactive model.

186 activities

Science 7–10 · page 4 of 4

  1. Science 7–10 · Year 9

    Weighing a flame: how much carbon dioxide a burning candle adds to the air

    Combustion moves carbon that was stored for millions of years in petroleum into the air as carbon dioxide, and because oxygen from the air joins it, the carbon dioxide produced weighs about three times as much as the wax burned.

    PracticalMedium risk
  2. Science 7–10 · Years 9–10

    Which antacid neutralises the most acid

    A carbonate in an antacid tablet neutralises acid, so the volume of acid a tablet can neutralise before the indicator changes compares how much base different brands contain.

    PracticalLow risk
  3. Science 7–10 · Year 9

    White light: dispersion by a prism and absorption by colour filters

    White light is a mix of colours that a prism spreads out by refracting each wavelength a different amount, and a colour filter transmits its own colour while absorbing the rest.

    PracticalLow risk
  4. Science 7–10 · Years 9–10

    Zones of inhibition: comparing antiseptics on a bacterial lawn

    A substance that stops bacteria growing leaves a clear ring around a soaked disc on a lawn of bacteria, and the ring's diameter compares how effective each substance is.

    Teacher-led demonstrationPracticalMedium risk
  5. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Albedo: how ice, sand, soil and water take up sunlight

    Light surfaces such as ice and snow reflect most sunlight while dark land and water absorb it, so when ice melts and exposes darker ground or sea, Earth absorbs more energy and warms further.

    PracticalLow risk
  6. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Average speed of a battery toy car over measured distances

    Speed is the distance travelled divided by the time taken, and a car moving at constant speed covers equal distances in equal times.

    Practical, model not builtLow risk
  7. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Beaks as tools: selective advantage in a changing environment

    Small differences in a structure change how much food an individual can gather, and when food changes the trait that gathers more becomes more common in later generations.

    Practical, model not builtLow risk
  8. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Catalysts: manganese dioxide and liver speed up the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide

    A catalyst increases the rate of a reaction without being used up, so the same amount of product forms sooner and the catalyst can be recovered.

    Practical, model not builtMedium risk
  9. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Chicken wing dissection: homologous bones in a wing and a human arm

    A bird wing and a human arm are built on the same pattern of one bone, then two bones, then a group of small bones, although they do different jobs, which is anatomical evidence that tetrapods share a common ancestor.

    PracticalMedium risk
  10. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Chlorine, bromine and iodine: reactivity down group 17 by displacement

    A more reactive halogen displaces a less reactive one from its salt, so a grid of halogen against halide solutions orders the group.

    PracticalMedium risk
  11. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Coin-toss crosses: why a 3 to 1 ratio only appears in large numbers

    Each parent passes one of two alleles at random, so a monohybrid cross between heterozygotes gives a 3 to 1 phenotype ratio on average but not in every small family.

    Practical, model not builtLow risk
  12. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Cold, salty water sinks: a tank model of the ocean's deep currents

    Water that is colder or saltier is denser and sinks beneath lighter water, which drives the deep ocean circulation that carries heat around the globe.

    PracticalLow risk
  13. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Distance-time graphs: walking in front of a motion sensor (or along floor marks)

    The gradient of a distance-time graph is speed, so walking steadily gives a straight line, standing still gives a flat line and walking back gives a falling line.

    Practical, model not builtLow risk
  14. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Earth's energy balance: albedo, the greenhouse effect and surface temperature

    Earth's temperature settles where the sunlight it absorbs equals the infrared it gives off; an atmosphere that absorbs and re-emits part of that infrared warms the surface from the 255 K of a bare planet to the observed 288 K.

    Calculation and dataLow risk
  15. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Extracting DNA from a banana or an onion

    DNA is a physical substance present in every cell, and it can be released by breaking membranes and made visible by precipitating it in cold alcohol.

    PracticalLow risk
  16. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Flame tests: identifying metals by the colour of their light

    Each element gives out light of its own colours when its electrons drop back to lower energy levels, so a flame colour identifies the metal in a compound.

    PracticalMedium risk
  17. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Gas volume against time: reading a rate from the gradient

    Rate is the gradient of a product-against-time graph, steepest at the start when reactant concentration is highest and zero when the magnesium has all reacted.

    PracticalMedium risk
  18. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Gravity acts on every mass alike: dropping a heavy and a light ball together

    Objects of different mass fall with the same acceleration when air resistance is negligible, because the gravitational force on each is proportional to its mass, so by a = F / m every mass gains speed at the same rate.

    Practical, model not builtLow risk
  19. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Hot things glow: a dimmed lamp, the Sun and the cosmic microwave background

    Any hot object gives out a continuous spectrum whose peak wavelength is inversely proportional to its temperature, which is why a dimmed lamp glows red, the Sun peaks in visible light and the 2.7 K glow left from the early universe peaks in microwaves.

    Practical, model not builtLow risk
  20. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Land ice and sea ice: which one raises sea level

    Floating ice already displaces its own mass of water, so melting sea ice barely changes sea level, while ice that melts on land adds new water to the ocean.

    PracticalLow risk
  21. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Lithium and sodium in water: reactivity down group 1

    Elements in the same group react in the same way and their reactivity changes in a regular order down the group, which the periodic table was built to show.

    Teacher-led demonstrationPracticalHigh risk
  22. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Lumps against powder: surface area and the rate of reaction on a balance

    Only particles at a surface can collide with the acid, so the same mass of solid in smaller pieces reacts faster although the total gas made is the same.

    PracticalMedium risk
  23. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Making a plastic from potato starch and changing it with glycerol

    A polymer's properties depend on how its chains are held together, so adding a plasticiser such as glycerol turns a brittle starch film into a flexible one, and a starch plastic can be broken down by soil organisms that cannot digest polyethylene.

    PracticalLow risk
  24. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Metals competing for salts: building a reactivity series on a spotting tile

    A more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from a solution of its salt, so a grid of metal-against-salt tests orders the metals.

    PracticalLow risk
  25. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Modelling meiosis with model chromosomes: independent assortment and gamete variety

    Meiosis halves the chromosome number and, because each homologous pair lines up independently of the others, one parent can make 2 to the power n different gametes from n chromosome pairs before crossing over is counted.

    Practical, model not builtLow risk
  26. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Newton's first law: coin and card, glass on paper, and a passenger on a stopping trolley

    An object keeps its state of rest or steady motion unless a net force acts on it, so removing the surface beneath an object quickly lets it stay in place and stopping a trolley suddenly lets its passenger keep moving.

    PracticalLow risk
  27. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Newton's second law: accelerating a trolley with hanging masses

    The acceleration of an object is proportional to the net force on it and inversely proportional to its mass, so F = m a can be tested by changing one and measuring the other.

    Practical, model not builtLow risk
  28. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Newton's third law: balloon rocket, paired newton meters and trolleys pushing apart

    Forces come in pairs: when one object pushes or pulls on another, the second pushes or pulls back on the first with an equal force in the opposite direction.

    PracticalMedium risk
  29. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Root tip squash: seeing mitosis and counting a mitotic index

    New cells arise by mitosis in growing regions, and the fraction of cells caught dividing at any moment can be counted from a stained squash.

    PracticalMedium risk
  30. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Salt, sugar and wax: properties that reveal ionic and covalent substances

    Ionic substances such as sodium chloride have high melting points and conduct only when their ions are free to move, while covalent molecular substances such as sugar and wax melt easily and never conduct.

    PracticalMedium risk
  31. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Sooty selection: camouflage, predation and allele frequencies over generations

    Predators remove the individuals they can see, so the colour that matches the background rises in frequency generation by generation, and the direction reverses when the background changes.

    Practical, model not builtLow risk
  32. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Spectral fingerprints: hydrogen lines through a diffraction grating, and redshift

    Each element gives out and absorbs light only at its own set of wavelengths, so the lines in a galaxy's light identify its elements, and the same pattern shifted to longer wavelengths measures how fast the galaxy is moving away.

    Teacher-led demonstrationPractical, model not builtMedium risk
  33. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Synthesis, decomposition and displacement: three reactions, three patterns

    Reactions fall into patterns that can be read from their equations: two substances joining, one splitting, or one element taking the place of another.

    PracticalMedium risk
  34. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    The disappearing cross: how concentration changes the rate of reaction

    Rate rises with concentration because more particles per volume means more collisions per second; the time for a fixed amount of product to form falls in proportion.

    Practical, model not builtMedium risk
  35. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    The expanding balloon: Hubble's law from dots on a surface

    If space itself stretches, every galaxy sees every other moving away at a speed in proportion to its distance, with no centre to the expansion, which is the pattern Hubble found and the big bang model explains.

    Practical, model not builtLow risk
  36. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    The greenhouse bottle demonstration: testing a popular claim with an argon control

    Two sealed bottles under a lamp, one holding carbon dioxide, usually give the result the greenhouse effect predicts, but Wagoner, Liu and Tobin (2010) showed that such a result can come from heat transfer rather than infrared absorption, and that argon, as dense but absorbing no infrared, is the control that separates the two, so the demonstration has to be evaluated rather than trusted.

    Teacher-led demonstrationPracticalMedium risk
  37. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Thermal expansion of water: a flask thermometer for sea-level rise

    Water expands as it warms, so an ocean that absorbs heat takes up more room and sea level rises even before any ice melts.

    Practical, model not builtLow risk
  38. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Ticker-tape analysis: velocity-time graph of a trolley rolling down a ramp

    A trolley rolling down a ramp gains speed at a steady rate, which appears as ticker-tape dots spreading out evenly and as a straight rising line on a velocity-time graph whose gradient is the acceleration.

    Practical, model not builtLow risk
  39. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Variation in the class: continuous measurements and the myth of single-gene traits

    Most human traits vary continuously and depend on many genes and the environment, so class data for tongue rolling or earlobe shape do not fit a single dominant and recessive allele.

    Practical, model not builtLow risk
  40. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Warm it up: how temperature changes the rate of the thiosulfate reaction

    Raising the temperature makes the particles move faster, so they collide more often and more energetically, and the reaction goes faster.

    PracticalMedium risk
  41. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Water cycle in a box: energy that lifts water and cold that returns it

    Evaporation takes about 2.4 kJ from the water for every gram it lifts into the air and condensation gives it back, so the water cycle is also one of the main ways energy moves from the ocean to the atmosphere.

    PracticalLow risk
  42. Science 7–10 · Year 10

    Zinc in copper sulfate: a displacement reaction you can measure by its heat

    In a displacement reaction a more reactive metal takes the place of a less reactive one in its salt solution and releases energy, so the temperature rise in the same copper(II) sulfate solution compares how readily different metals displace copper.

    PracticalMedium risk

For tutors and administrators

The materials and steps of every teacher-led demonstration are on the learning platform, with the safety card first. Sign in with a tutor or administrator account to read them.

Open the teacher-led demonstrations